Plans and Slums (from the Stalker/ON archives: 2008)
http://www.osservatorionomade.net/planseslums/planseslum.html
Plans & Slums
The Roma right to inhabit across Europe
Beyond “legal camps” and “illegal shantytowns”
A case study in between Rome and Belgrade
International program
by Stalker / ON – Urban Body
for TU – Delft, Roma Tre University students
in collaboration with
Belgrade University
KTH Stockholm University
And
UN Habitat, Belgrade
Introduction:
The Project will face the European question on Roma, their struggle for living in between planned constriction settlements like “nomads camps” and “refugees camps” on one side, and illegal shantytown and dispersed shacks, from where they are often evicted by force, on the other.
The goal is to elaborate an urban, architectonical and social design strategy – by designing a competition program – looking foreword possible ecological, cooperative, alternative housing solutions, and their integration in the urban context.
The design research will be insert in a frame of awareness and acknowledgement on the geopolitical issue of Roma discrimination in Europe. In particular It will be focused the interrelated problematic tied to the settling of ex Yugoslavia Roma in Italy and Serbia, through the legal, social and cultural aspects of their rights to leave, to return, and most of all, to stay. .
Starting from the comparison of the so-called “balkan” and “western” models (Piasere 2004), through the envision of the problem of inhabiting for Roma in Rome and Belgrade today.
Rome
Rome is where the Italian highly criticized model of the “Campo Nomadi” has been built in the last 20 year and where today’s emergency is about 15000 people living in popping up shantytowns along the banks of the rivers Tevere and Aniene, including Roma, non Roma immigrants, refugees, displaced people and homeless. The municipality started a forced eviction of the settlements and is thinking about the forced hyper concentration of people in four “solidarity” camp out on the highway belt of the city, as proposed by the “Pact of Security” signed by the Minister of interior Affairs, the Major of Rome and the Chief of the Police Department, last summer.
Belgrade
In Belgrade the question of resettling Roma refugees being repatriate from EU or internal refugees, is part of the wider question of the refugees settling, in which the United Nations Human Settlements Program, UN Habitat office, is widely engaged among other international organizations and national institutions. The entering of Serbia in the EU by 2015 is also tied to the repatriation of 100.000 Roma refugees from EU, while will make the most of Roma population part of EU. It is question to face on time not to replicate the problems that the entering of Romania in the EU is today creating.
Collaborations:
The program will be followed by parallel courses in the University of Roma Tre, Master project studio of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Belgrade and the Faculty of Architecture of the KTH Stockholm. The parallel courses will address the issue of the Settlement and Inclusion of Roma communities in the context of contemporary Europe developing alternative and complementary urban and architectural strategies and instruments. The exchange of experiences and practices among students will be realized on line continuatively, and through visits and travels of students and professors at different stages of development of programs and projects, which will be documented allowing the wide dissemination among all partners involved.
The programs of the parallel courses in the different universities in Europe will be coordinated but developed autonomously, ensuring moments for exchange and confrontation of experiences.
Program:
The students from Delft will work on a specific site in Rome, a “Campo Nomadi” temporal recognized but not equipped inhabited by Roma originally from Serbia living in shacks, where only the eldest generation was born in Serbia and speak the language, while there are two generations born in Italy and only speaking Romanes and Italian.
They also will be visiting Belgrade where will be joined by the students from KTH Stockholm, and meet the students of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Belgrade that will be engaged in a parallel Master Course on the Innovative solutions for the urban and environmental organization and inclusion of Roma settlements and communities in the outskirts of Belgrade, will exchange experiences through workshop sessions with them, meet with representatives of the international organizations like UN-Habitat, national institutions like the Agency for Human and Minority Rights and the Secretariat for the implementation of the Roma National Strategy, and local NGOs like the Society for Improvement of Local Roma Communities, visit the Roma settlement where UN-Habitat participated community upgrading projects are implemented and also visit the villages where the Rome’s Roma are originally from.
Goals:
The students will be asked to design a common strategy of intervention on the two sites in Rome (Delft and Rome students) and Belgrade (Belgrade and Stockholm students), by designing an international competition program for each site, which includes a map of the European Roma geopolitical question, an urban design proposal and a methodological approach on participation, materials reuse, economic and ecologic sustainability.
The program will take place in Delft, Rome and Belgrade. The project will lead to an exhibition to be hold in Delft, Rome and Belgrade.
Schedule
Delft Feb. 4th – 12th 2008
The students will be jointing the general Urban Body program, in particular the contribution of the Rome – Belgrade program will be:
Program presentation to students and first seminar.
During the first week sessions, the collaboration with partner institutions from Serbia will be initiated. Ivan Kucina, ass. professor at the Faculty of Architecture of Belgrade University and running the master program of the Department of Architecture Design on Innovative solutions for the urban and environmental organization and inclusion of Roma settlements and communities in the outskirts of Belgrade, and Barbara Galassi, architect and planner of the UN-Habitat Program in Serbia, will be visiting Delft for a first exchange and presentation of experiences from the Balkan region.
In the seminar the students will be introduced to several projects:
The investigation project “The beds of the River” done by Stalker – ON together with the students in Architecture of Roma Tre University. For six months the Tevere river banks have been explored encountering and mapping all the informal settlements. The exploration took place on both sides from the see 40 km. up before the city starts. That allowed to visit about 50 shacks settlements and gypsy camps. (www.osservatorionomade.net)
Rome. Feb. 13th – 19th
Campus Rom
learning from Roma and back
A travelling seminar & workshop
through Roma settlements
The goal
The right to inhabit of Roma in Rome
From refusing the “Campi Nomadi” and the forced evictions discrimination policy to an housing path for Roma in Rome.
The strategy
The workshop will take place living in caravans and moving through different Roma settlements, formal and informal: planned “Campi Nomadi” and illegal slums.
Visits, lectures, mapping field works, storytelling, movies and convivial moments will be the keys to access the Roma housing question in Roma.
The strategy will be to focus on different questions, levels of interaction and reciprocal learning in between students and Roma people.
A framework
The program will be insert in a wider multilayer framework.
Un interrelated prospective of major issues that are strongly influencing the question of Roma housing in Rome to use as a navigator for the project. In particular we will tray to investigate the two sides perception of those questions:
– The EU – Ex Jugoslavia relationship
Integration VS fragmentation
the Roma transeuropean citizenship across borders as a problem and as a value.
– The Rome – Roma relationship
inclusion vs segregation, the policy of camps and the emerging of slums in Roma
– The Roma – Gagè relationship
hetero and self perception in the reciprocal shaping of identities
– The housing question: architects and inhabitants
in between formal and informal, architects and inhabitants, practices and lows, how to create a path in between plans & slums. Learning from Roma and back.
The tools
caravans & maps
The firs tool to promote the quality of the relationship in between students and Roma is the use of caravans as living and mobility system to access the Roma settlement. This together with a Roma traveling family, one of the few left, recently evicted from a parking lot.
Together with Roma four layers of their spatial and relational world will be common elements of study, on the base of four different scale maps, given to the students as a tool to share with the Roma we will encounter and work with.
The four maps are:
Europe. This map of the European relationship system of the different Roma communities in Rome will allow comprehending the general question of citizenship for Roma in the frame of the EU – Ex Yugoslavia geopolitical situation. Will also help understand the diversity of Roma communities and their recent past.
Rome This map of Rome focused on the neighborhood where they live will make emerge the relational system of a single community, this to learn about the level of integration in the city and the economic dynamics of a community.
The Settlement This map of the settlement will be focused on the comprehension of the spatial family and community relationships. This to enable the sustainable division of mayor constriction camps into smaller community settlements for who requires a communitarian living . Also allows in smaller settlement the study of the relational spatiality of the enlarged family system on which base the urban design of the proposed hosing solutions.
The House This map will be designed and studied together with the inhabitants to establish a reciprocal learning process with Roma, focused on the technologies used but also on the Roma spatial behaviors. This process could produce solutions on housing applicable in the wider housing emergency in Rome.
PROGRAM
Wednesday 13.02.08
16.00 18.00 Delft Students arrival in Rome in the afternoon.
Transfer to Campo Boario by caravan
18.00 – 20.00 Città dell’altra economia – conference room welcome to the students
workshop presentation
Videos:
“Campo Boario, 8 anni nella città degli altri” (Campo Boario, 8 Years in the City of Others) by Michela Franzoso
“Agnone. Andata e ritorno” (Agnone. Go and back) by Matteo Fraterno
“Sui letti del fiume” (On the Beds of the River) by Aldo Innocenzi
20.00 Boario community Dinner – International dinner at Ararat garden (bring a taste of your own traditional food!)
21.00 Storytelling 1. Aldo Hudorovic: Roma Calderash, the last traveling community
Campsite at the Ararat garden in the Campo Boario
Thursday 14.02.08 – East Rome
9.30 leaving from Campo Boario
tour guided by Marco Brazzoduro, and Imma Turcillo
Via Salviati 1 camp. Visit (Rudari Roma from Serbia)
Via della Martora camp. Visit (Rudari Roma from Serbia)
13.00 lunch
14.30 Casilino 900 camp. (Roma from Kosovo, Montenegro and Bosnia)
15.00-18.00 campus rom – students field research
19.00 Lecture 1: Marco Brazzoduro: The history of Roma camps in Rome
20.00 community dinner
21.00 Storytelling 2. Najo Adzovic:Rom:il popolo invisibile (Roma:The invisible people)
22.00 Film: “non tacere!” (don’t shut up!) by Don Roberto Sardelli and
Francesco Gori
Campsite at Casilino 900 camp
Friday 15.02.08 – South Rome
9.30 leaving from Casilino 900 camp
Tours guided by Sergio Giovagnoli and Tony lo zingaro
10.30 Via Candoni camp (Roma fron Romania and Serbia). Meeting with the rom community and Sergio Giovagnoli presentation of Arci mediation activities.
13.0 Divino Amore, Roma Genocide Monument by Bruno Morelli.
14.0 Meeting with Don Bruno Nicolini e Bruno Morelli
lunch
14.30 Castel Romano camp (khorakanè Roma from Bosnia) meeting with Meo Hamidovic, Carlo Cizmic, Gianluca Peciola and Riccardo Iori
15.00-18.00 campus rom – students’ field research
19,00 lecture 2 Marcella Delle Donne: Refugees and Roma
20.00 dinner
21.30 Film: “Da cavallari a pugili” by Cecilia Mangini
Campsite at Castel Romano camp
Saturday 16.02.08 – North Rome
9.30 Leaving from Castel Romano camp
10.30 Foro Italico Slum (Roma from Serbia)
meeting with Kanjaria comunity, Stalker / Osservatorio Nomade and students of Roma 3
11.00-18.00 campus rom – students’ field research
19.00 Lecture 3 Paolo Ciani ” legal aspects of Roma Citizenship in Italy”
20.00 dinner at Foro Italico camp
21.00 Storytelling 3.
21.30 video “Foro Italico” by Fabrizio Bono
Film “Mondo ” by Tony Gatlif
Community Party
overnight in camper at Foro Italico camp
Sunday 17.02.08
free
overnight in Hostel
Monday 18.02.08 – Case Studies in Italy
9.30 Faculty of Architecture, University of Roma Tre
Via Madonna dei Monti (Aula Urbano VIII)
introduction by Francesco Cellini, Roma Tre Dean
Giorgio Piccinato, DIPSU, Department Director
10.30 Presentation of recent and realized projects in Italy:
Lecture 4: Massimo Colombo from Michelucci Foundation:
” Projects with Roma in Firenze, Pisa and Bolzano”
12.00 Round Table with: Najo Adzovic, Marco Brazzoduro, Paolo Ciani, Massimo Colombo, Sergio Giovagnoli, Aldo Hudorovic, Tony lo Zingaro
15.00 Seminars with
Erica Viva Milano Polytechnic case study Brescia
Salvatore Porcaro,Milano Polytechnic, case study Milano
overnight in Hostel
Belgrade February 20th – March 1st
by Ivan Kucina from Belgrade University and Barbara Galassi from UN Habitat.
The program will include:
– Joint workshops sessions with the students of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Belgrade
– presentation of the challenges of the Decade for Roma Inclusion in Serbia by national experts and organizations active in the country, at the Faculty of Architecture
– presentations of films and documentaries on living conditions of Roma communities in Serbia and Macedonia
– seminar and presentations of activities carried out by international organizations, and the UN-Habitat Programme in Serbia – hosted by UN-Habitat Belgrade office in collaboration with the FoA
– field visits to different typologies of Roma settlements in and around Belgrade (i.e. consolidated neighborhoods, and slums)
– field visits to Kraljevo Grdicka Kosa 2 Roma Settlement hosted by the city of Kraljevo and UN-Habitat programme, with illustration of the work in progress of the implementation of the National Architectural and Urban Competition for the improvement of the Roma Settlement organized during the past year by UN-Habitat and the local authority
– field visits through Serbia (i.e. Smederevo) to Roma neighborhood where the families of the Roma living in Rome originate from.
Reference institutions/organizations in Serbia:
– Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade
– UN-Habitat Belgrade Office
– Secretariat for the Implementation of the Roma National Strategy
– Society for the Improvement of Local Roma Communities
– Lost Highway Expedition Project
Reference institutions/organizations in Macedonia:
– Press to Exit art center
Program
Feb 20 arriving, Belgrade tour
Feb 21 visiting Roma settlements in Belgrade:
Karton City, Mirijevsko brdo
Feb 22 Faculty of Architecture day:
lecture by Marina Dokmanovic, Vladimir Macura, Boris Zerjav
films: Pretty Diana, Shutka Book of Records,
Feb 23 UN Habitat day: presentation on UN Habitat programs
Feb 24 visiting Roma settlement in Smederevo,
70 km from Belgrade, sleeping in Belgrade
Feb 25 departure from Belgrade, visiting Roma setlment in Kraljevo,
200 km from Belgrade, sleeping in Kraljevo
Feb 26 departure from Kraljevo, visiting Roma settlement in Skopje(Macedonia), 500 km from Belgrade, sleeping in Skopje
Feb 27 visiting Roma settlement in Skopje(Macedonia),
500 km from Belgrade, sleeping in Skopje
Feb 28 departure from Skopje to Belgrade, sleeping in Belgrade
Feb 29 Faculty of Architecture in Belgrade, workshop on research program, sleeping in Belgrade
Mar 01 departure to Rome
Rome March 3rd – 7th
Master Class
Roma Tre Univ.
Mattatoio (Aula b2)
The four layers of mapping elaborated in the campus rom fieldwork (Europe, Rome, Settlements, House)will be post-produced together with the informations collected in the Belgrade travel, as first framework for the competition program to develop.
A first sketch of the urban plan for the monte antenne settlement will be drown.
The work will be held in collaboration with one of the chief responsible of the competitions office of the city of Rome, Luca Montuori.
Guidelines for the further work to post – produce in Delft, will be given.
A internet collaborative platform to share work within students from different Universities will be established.
A public presentation of the mapping works will be held in the Roma Tre, school of Architecture.
A presentation to the Roma community of the urban program sketch will be held in the Monte Antenne settlement.
March 10th – 15th a week off
Delft March 17th – 28th Post – production
The weeks back in Delft will be the time to design the competition program in detail:
By giving a general geopolitical frame of the situation of Roma in Europe, and in particular the stories of Roma in between Belgrade and Rome.
Proposing a methodological approach on emergency housing for Roma, along with the information acquired in the trip.
Designing the urban plan of the settlement in accord to the work done with the inhabitants.
Proposing design strategies of intervention by using recycled materials and sustainable solutions.
Delft March 31th – april 4th installing exhibition
The two last weeks will be dedicated to the final post-production of the materials and to the setting of an exhibition in Delft.
